¾î¶² Áøµå±â(Gall mites, ȤÀÀ¾Ö)´Â ³Ê¹«µµ À۾Ƽ ±â±¸ÀÇ µµ¿ò ¾øÀÌ´Â º¸±â Èûµé´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °úÇÐÀÚµéÀº ÀÌÅ»¸®¾ÆÀÇ Æ®¶óÀ̾ƽº±â ÁöÃþ¿¡¼ ¹ß°ßµÈ 70,000°³ÀÇ È£¹Ú ¹æ¿ï(amber droplets)µéÀ» ½ºÄ³´×ÇÑ ÈÄ¿¡ 2¸¶¸®ÀÇ Áøµå±â¸¦ ¹ß°ßÇß´Ù. ÁøÈ·ÐÀû ¿¬´ë·Î ±× È£¹ÚÀº 2¾ï3õ¸¸ ³â ÀüÀÇ °ÍÀ¸·Î ÃßÁ¤µÇ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×·¸´Ù¸é, ±× Áøµå±â´Â ¿À´Ã³¯ÀÇ Áøµå±â¿¡ ºñÇØ ¾ó¸¶³ª ¿ø½ÃÀûÀÎ ¸ð½ÀÀ̾úÀ»±î?

¿À´Ã³¯ 3500¿© Á¾ÀÇ Áøµå±âµéÀÌ ¸Å¿ì Ưº°ÇÑ ½Ä¹° Á¾¿¡¼ »ì¾Æ°¡°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±×µé ´ëºÎºÐÀº ¼Ó¾¾½Ä¹°(angiosperms, ÇöȽŰ)¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀº ¼÷ÁÖ ½Ä¹°ÀÇ ¹Ù±ùÂÊ Ç¥¸é¿¡ »ì°í ÀÖÁö¸¸, ÀϺδ ½Ä¹°¿¡ ºÎÇ®Àº Ȥ(galls)À» Çü¼ºÇϵµ·Ï À¯µµÇÏ¿© ±× ¾È¿¡ »ì¾Æ°£´Ù.[1]
°í´ëÀÇ Áøµå±â´Â Çö´ë Áøµå±âÀÇ ¸ð½ÀÀ̾úÀ»±î, ¾Æ´Ï¸é ´Ù¸¥ ¸ð½ÀÀ̾úÀ»±î? ÀÌ ÀÛÀº »ý¹°ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ¾î¶² ÀýÁöµ¿¹°·ÎºÎÅÍ ÁøÈÇß´Ù¸é, ȼ®Àº ±× ¾î¶² ÀýÁöµ¿¹° Á¶»óÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿À´Ã³¯ÀÇ Áøµå±â¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ º¯È¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ¾î¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÃÖ±Ù °úÇÐÀÚµéÀÌ È£¹Ú¿¡ °¤ÇôÀÖ´Â ¸Å¿ì »ó¼¼ÇÑ ÃʱâÀÇ Áøµå±â ȼ®À» ¹ß°ßÇßÀ» ¶§, ±× ¹Ý´ëÀÓÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÏ°í ¸Å¿ì ³î¶ú´Ù. Áï °í´ëÀÇ Áøµå±â´Â ¿À´Ã³¯ÀÇ Áøµå±â¿Í °ÅÀÇ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ¸ð½ÀÀ̾ú´ø °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
µ¥À̺ñµå ±×¸®¸»µð(David Grimaldi)´Â »õ·Î¿î Áøµå±â ȼ®À» PNAS(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences) Áö¿¡ º¸°íÇÑ ¼±ÀÓ ÀúÀÚÀÌ´Ù.[2] ±×ÀÇ ÆÀÀº °í´ë Áøµå±â¿Í ¿À´Ã³¯ ¾Ë·ÁÁø Çö´ë Á¾ »çÀÌÀÇ »ç¼ÒÇÑ Â÷À̸¦ ±â¼úÇß´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×¸®¸»µð´Â ÀÌ·¸°Ô Á¾ÇÕÀûÀ¸·Î ¸»Çϰí ÀÖ¾ú´Ù : ¡±±×°ÍµéÀº Çö´ë Áøµå±â(gall mites)¿Í ²À ´à¾Ò´Ù¡±[3]. º¸µµµéµµ ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î ÀúÀÚµéÀÌ ¾²°í ÀÖ´Â °Í°ú °°Àº °ÍÀ» ¸»Çϰí ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¡±±×µéÀÌ ¿¡¸®¿ÀÇǵå°úÀÇ(eriophyoid, ÀÀ¾Ö) »ý¹°À̶ó´Â °ÍÀº ÀǽÉÀÇ ¿©Áö°¡ ¾ø´Ù.¡±[2]
¶ÇÇÑ ¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀº Áøµå±â¸¦ Æ÷ȹÇϰí È£¹ÚÀ¸·Î ±»¾îÁø, ·¹Áø(resin)À» ºÐºñÇß´ø ½Ä¹°¿¡ ´ëÇØ ±â¼úÇϰí ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¿À´Ã³¯ °°Àº Á¾·ùÀÇ ½Ä¹°ÀÌ »ì¾ÆÀÖÁö¸¸, ÀÌ Æ¯º°ÇÑ ½Ä¹° Á¾·ù´Â ¾Æ¸¶µµ ¸êÁ¾Çß´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ÀÌ È¼® Áøµå±â Á¾·ù´Â ¾Æ¸¶µµ ¸êÁ¾ÇÑ ±×µéÀÇ ¼÷ÁÖ ½Ä¹°°ú ÇÔ²² ¸êÁ¾ÇßÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸êÁ¾Àº ÁøÈ¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ÃâóÀÇ È£¹ÚµéÀº µ¿ÀÏÇÑ Çö»óÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 2¾ï3õ¸¸ ³â(230¸¸ ¼¼±â)À̶ó´Â À屸ÇÑ ¼¼¿ùµ¿¾È ´Ü¼¼Æ÷ »ý¹°ÀÎ ¾Æ¸Þ¹Ù(amoebae)¿¡¼µµ ¾î¶°ÇÑ ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ º¯Èµµ ÀϾÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ È¼® ¾Æ¸Þ¹ÙµéÀº »ì¾ÆÀÖ´Â Á¾°ú µ¿ÀÏÇÏ´Ù. °í»ý¹°ÇÐÀÚÀÎ Áö¶óµå ºó¼¾Æ®(Girard Vincent)´Â ÇÁ¶û½º¿¡¼ ¹ß°ßµÈ È£¹Úµé ¼Ó¿¡ °¤Èù ¾Æ¸Þ¹Ù¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼ ±â¼úÇϸé¼, ¡±´ëºÎºÐÀÇ È£¹Ú ¼Ó ¾Æ¸Þ¹ÙµéÀº ÇöÁ¸ÇÏ´Â Á¾µé°ú ÇüÅÂÇÐÀûÀ¸·Î ±¸º°ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´Ù¡±¶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù.[4] ±×¸®¸»µðÀÇ º¸°í¿¡ µû¸£¸é, À̵é Áøµå±â ȼ®ÀÌ µé¾îÀÖ´Â µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ÀÌÅ»¸®¾Æ»ê Áß»ý´ë Æ®¶óÀ̾ƽº±â È£¹Ú ¼Ó ¾Æ¸Þ¹Ù´Â ¿À´Ã³¯ »ì¾ÆÀÖ´Â Centropyxis hirsuta¶ó´Â À̸§ÀÇ ¾Æ¸Þ¹Ù Á¾°ú µ¿ÀÏÇß´Ù. (´Ü¼¼Æ÷ ¾Æ¸Þ¹ÙÀÇ ÂªÀº ÇÑ ¼¼´ë ±â°£À» °í·ÁÇÒ ¶§, ¾ó¸¶³ª ¸¹Àº ¼¼´ë°¡ Áö³ ÈÄ¿¡µµ µ¿ÀÏÇÑÁö¸¦ Çѹø ¼÷°íÇØº¸¶ó!).
ÀÌÅ»¸®¾Æ È£¹Ú ¼Ó¿¡ µé¾îÀÖ´Â Áøµå±â¿Í ¾Æ¸Þ¹Ù´Â °Å¹Ì³ª µµ¸¶¹ì µîÀÌ µé¾îÀÖ´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¸¹Àº È£¹Ú ȼ®µéó·³ ¼öÁ÷ÀûÀÎ ÁøÈ¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.[5]
ÃßÁ¤µÇ´Â 2¾ï3õ¸¸ ³â ÈÄ¿¡µµ Áøµå±â´Â ¿©ÀüÈ÷ Áøµå±â¿´°í, ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ¾Æ¸Þ¹ÙµéÀº »ì¾ÆÀÖ´Â ¾Æ¸Þ¹Ù¿Í Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô µ¿ÀÏÇß´Ù. ÁøÈ°¡ ±× À屸ÇÑ ½Ã°£ µ¿¾È Á¤ÁöµÆ´Ù¸é, ¾Æ¸¶µµ ÅÂÃʺÎÅÍ ÁøÈ´Â Á¤ÁöµÆÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
References
1. Plant gall formation requires advanced tissue culture technology. See: Thomas, B. Altruistic Aphids: an Evolutionary Anomaly. ICR News. Posted on icr.org March 17, 2009, accessed August 29, 2012. 2. Schmidt, A.R. et al. Arthropods in amber from the Triassic Period. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Published online before print August 27, 2012. 3. Prehistoric bugs from time of dinosaurs found frozen in amber. Associated Press, August 27, 2012. 4. Vincent, G. 2012. Fossil Amoebae (Hemiarcherellidae Fam. Nov. from Albian (Cretaceous) Amber of France. Paleontology. 55 (3): 653-659. 5. Thomas, B. Scan of Amber-Trapped Spider Shows Recent Origin. ICR News. Posted on icr.org May 27, 2011, accessed August 29, 2012.; Thomas, B. Fossilized Gecko Fits Creation Model. ICR News. Posted on icr.org September 8, 2008, accessed August 29, 2012.; Thomas, B. Amber-Trapped Spider Web Too Old for Evolution. ICR News. Posted on icr.org November 20, 2009, accessed August 29, 2012.; Thomas, B. Ancient Amber Discovery Contradicts Geologic Timescale. ICR News. Posted on icr.org October 19, 2009, accessed August 29, 2012.
*ÂüÁ¶ : È£¹Ú ¼Ó¿¡ º¸Á¸µÈ 2¾ï3000¸¸³â Àü °ïÃæ 3¸¶¸® ¹ß°ß¡¦Áö±¸»ó °¡Àå ¿À·¡ µÈ °ïÃæ (2012. 8. 28. Áß¾ÓÀϺ¸) http://joongang.joinsmsn.com/article/436/9164436.html?ctg=1301&cloc=joongang%7Chome%7Cnewslist1
2¾ï 3000¸¸ ³â Àü Áøµå±â, È£¹Ú ¼Ó¿¡¼ ¹ß°ß (2012. 8. 29. ÇѰܷ¹) http://ecotopia.hani.co.kr/57757
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°ø·æ ÇÇ »¡¾Ò´ø º·è(1¾ï6500¸¸³â Àü) ȼ® Áß±¹¼ ¹ß°ß (2012. 3. 1. Á¶¼±ÀϺ¸) http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2012/03/01/2012030101068.html?news_Head2
¼¼°è¿¡¼ °¡Àå ºü¸¥ µ¿¹°ÀÌ Áøµå±â?¡¦·Îº¿ ¿¬±¸ ´ë»ó (2014. 4. 30. Á¶¼±ÀϺ¸) http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2014/04/30/2014043002682.html
*ÂüÁ¶ 2 : È£¹Ú ³»·Î »ý¹°ÀÌ Æ÷ȹµÇ´Â °úÁ¤ÀÌ ¹àÇôÁ³´Ù. : ³ª¹«¿¡¼ Èê·¯³ª¿Â ¼öÁö´Â ¹°¼Ó¿¡¼ µ£ÀÌ µÇ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. http://www.kacr.or.kr/library/itemview.asp?no=6738
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