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¸¸¹°¿¡ ±êµç âÁ¶ÁÖÀÇ ´É·Â°ú ½Å¼º HOME > ÀÚ·á½Ç > ÁÖÁ¦º°
¸ôÆ÷ ³ªºñÀÇ ³¯°³´Â ´ÙÀ©ÀÇ ÀÚ¿¬¼±Åÿ¡ µµÀüÇÑ´Ù.
(Brilliant Butterfly Feature Challenges Darwinian Selection)
Brian Thomas

   ³ªºñÀÇ ³¯°³´Â ¾î¶»°Ô ºû³ª´Â °ÍÀϱî? ¸ôÆ÷(Morpho) ³ªºñ´Â ´Ù¸¥ °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç ³ªºñµéó·³ ÀκÐ(scales)À¸·Î µ¤¿©ÀÖ´Â ³¯°³¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ³¯°³ÀÇ »öÀ» ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀκеéÀ» °¡·ÎÁö¸£´Â »ö¼Ò ÆÐÅÏÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé¾îÁöÁö¸¸, ¸ôÆ÷ ³ªºñÀÇ Àκп¡´Â ºÎ°¡Àû ±â´ÉÀÌ ÀåÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.

¸ôÆ÷ ³ªºñ´Â ±×µéÀÇ ÀκР²À´ë±â¿¡ ºûÀÇ ÆÄÀåÀ» Á¶ÀýÇÏ´Â, »¸¾îÀÖ´Â °¡Áö ÆÈµéÀ» °¡Áø, ¹«¼öÈ÷ ¸¹Àº Ãʹ̼¼ÇÑ ÀÛÀº ³ª¹« °°Àº(tree-like) ±¸Á¶µéÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. °¡Áöµé »çÀÌÀÇ °ø°£Àº ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ºûÀÇ ÆÄÀå, ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î ÆÄ¶õ»öÀÇ ÆÄÀå°ú ÀÏÄ¡½Ã۴µ¥ µµ¿òÀ» ÁÖ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¾î¶² °¢µµ¿¡¼­ º¼ ¶§, °°Àº ÆÄÀå ºûÀÇ ¹Ýº¹ÀûÀÎ ¹Ý»ç´Â °£¼· È¿°ú¸¦ ÀÏÀ¸Å°°í, À̰ÍÀº ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿î ¹«Áö°³ ºû±òÀ» ¸¸µé¾î³½´Ù. (»çÁøÀº ¿©±â¸¦ Ŭ¸¯).

ÀÌ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ¹ÏÀ» ¼ö ¾øµµ·Ï Á¤±³ÇÑ ±¸Á¶¸¦ °í·ÁÇØº¼ ¶§, À̵é Á¤¹ÐÇÏ°í ³ª¹« °°Àº Ãʹ̼¼ ±¸Á¶´Â ±¤ÇÐ ¹× ³ª³ë°øÇÐÀÇ Àü¹®Àû Áö½ÄÀ» °¡Áø ´©±º°¡¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼­ ¼³°èµÈ °Íó·³ º¸ÀδÙ.

±×·¯³ª ´Ã ±×·¸µíÀÌ ¼¼¼ÓÁÖÀÇÀÚµéÀº ±â¿ø¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿É¼Ç¿¡¼­ Çϳª´ÔÀº °í·ÁµÉ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù°í ¸»Çϸç, ±×·¯ÇÑ °á·ÐÀº °úÇÐÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù. ÃÖ°í ÀåÀÎÀÇ ¼Ø¾¾°¡ ±× Áõ°Å¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ ¼³¸íÀÓ¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ¸»ÀÌ´Ù.[1]

 

ÁøÈ­·ÐÀÇ ÇØ°áÃ¥?

1859³â Âû½º ´ÙÀ©Àº Æ÷½ÄÀÚ³ª ¼­½ÄÁö °°Àº ¿ÜºÎ ¿äÀÎÀÌ ½Ä¹°°ú µ¿¹°ÀÇ Æ¯¼ºÀ» Çü¼ºÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤À¸·Î¼­ 'ÀÚ¿¬¼±ÅÃ'À» ÁÖÀåÇß´Ù.[2] ±×·¯³ª ¸ôÆ÷ ³ªºñ´Â ŹÇÑ »ö±òÀÇ ³ªºñ¿Í µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ¼­½ÄÁö¿¡¼­ ¼­·Î °°ÀÌ »ì¾Æ°¡°í ÀÖ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ¼­½ÄÁö°¡ ¹«Áö°³ ºû »ö±òÀ» À¯µµÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ½À» °¡¸®Å²´Ù. ´õ±º´Ù³ª È­·ÁÇÑ »ö±òÀº Æ÷½ÄÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¹ß°ßµÇ±â ´õ ½±´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ È­·ÁÇÑ »ö±òÀÇ ³ªºñ´Â ¸¸µé¾îÁö±âº¸´Ù »ç¶óÁö±â ´õ ½¬¿üÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÁøÈ­·Ð¿¡ µû¸£¸é, ÀÚ¿¬Àº »ýÁ¸À» Çâ»ó½ÃŰ´Â Ư¼ºÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÑ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¹à°Ô ºû³ª´Â ³¯°³´Â ±× ¹Ý´ë¿´À» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ÁøÈ­·ÐÀûÀ¸·Î ÆÄ¶õ ¸ôÆ÷ ³ªºñ°¡ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÇϳªÀÇ Àǹ®ÀÌ´Ù.

¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀº ÃÖ±Ù ¸ôÆ÷ ³ªºñ¿¡ ³»ÀçµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â, »ýÁ¸¿¡ ÀÌÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖ´ÂÁö´Â ¾Ë·ÁÁöÁö ¾ÊÀº, ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ °íÀ¯ÇÑ Æ¯¼ºÀ» ¹ß°ßÇß´Ù°í º¸°íÇß´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ³ª¹« °°Àº ÀκР±¸Á¶°¡ °¢ Àκп¡ ºÎÂøµÇ´Â °÷¿¡¼­´Â ºñ±Ø¼ºÀÌÁö¸¸, ²À´ë±â´Â °­ÇÑ ±Ø¼ºÀ» ¶í´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.[3, 4] PNAS Áö¿¡ °ÔÀçµÈ ³í¹®¿¡¼­ ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ÀúÀÚµéÀº ÀÌ·¸°Ô ½è´Ù. ¡±ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Ç¥¸éÀÇ ±Ø¼º ±â¿ï±â(polarity gradient)´Â ³ªºñÀÇ »ýÁ¸¿¡ ÇʼöÀûÀÌÁö ¾ÊÀº °Íó·³ º¸ÀδÙ. ¿ÀÈ÷·Á ±×°ÍÀº ÀκÐÀÇ ¹ß´Þ °úÁ¤¿¡ ºÎ»ê¹°ÀÎ °Íó·³ º¸Àδٴ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. »ý¹°ÇÐÀû ÆÐÅÏ µðÀÚÀο¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °üÁ¡Àº ´Ù¾çÇÑ ±â¼úÀû ÀÀ¿ëÀÇ ±âȸ¸¦ Á¦°øÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.¡±[3]

´ÜµµÁ÷ÀÔÀûÀ¸·Î ¸»Çؼ­, »õ·Î ¹ß°ßµÈ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±Ø¼º ±â¿ï±â°¡ ³ªºñÀÇ »ýÁ¸¿¡ ÇʼöÀûÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀ̶ó¸é, ¾î¶»°Ô ÀÚ¿¬Àº ±×°ÍÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇß´ø °ÍÀϱî?

ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¾·ùÀÇ µô·¹¸¶¸¦ ÇØ°áÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ½Ãµµ·Î¼­, ÈÄ¿¡ ´ÙÀ©Àº ¡®¼º¼±ÅÃ(sexual selection)¡¯À̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ¹ß¸íÇØ³Â´Ù.[5] µ¿¹°µéÀº ¿À·£ ½Ã°£¿¡ °ÉÃļ­ ¼±È£µµ¿¡ ±âÃÊÇÏ¿© ¦À» ¼±ÅÃÇß°í, À̰ÍÀº ¹Ý´ë ¼º¿¡ »õ·Î¿î Ư¼ºÀ» ¸¸µé¾î³»¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »õ·Î¿î Ư¼ºÀº º¸´Ù ½±°Ô ​​¹ø½ÄÇÏ¿© ±× Á¾ÀÌ »ýÁ¸Çϴµ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ ´Ü¼øÇÑ À̾߱â´Â ÁÖ¿ä °üÃøµé°ú ¸ÂÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, ¼º¼±ÅÃÀ» »ý¹°ÇÐÀû ½ÇÁ¦·Î °¡Á¤Çϰí ÀÖÁö¸¸, ±×°ÍÀº ÀÌ¹Ì Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ ÇüÁú Áß¿¡¼­ ´ÜÁö ¼±ÅÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ±×°ÍÀº ¿©·¯ ´Ù¾ç¼ºµéÀÌ Á¦°ÅµÇ´Â °ÍÀ» ¼³¸íÇÒ ¼ö´Â ÀÖÁö¸¸, ¾î¶»°Ô ¸¸µé¾îÁö´Â Áö¸¦ ¼³¸íÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ¼º¼±ÅÃÀº »ó´ëÆí ¦ÀÌ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÒ ¼ö Àִ Ư¼º º¯È­¸¸À¸·Î ÀÛµ¿µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â ¼±È£µµ´Â ¾î¶»°Ô ±â¿øÇÑ °ÍÀΰ¡?[6]
     
PNAS ÁöÀÇ ¿¬±¸ ÀúÀÚµéÀº ½è´Ù : ¡±¸ôÆ÷ ³ªºñ´Â ÀÚ¿¬ÀÌ ¸¸µé¾î³½ ±¤ÀÚ°øÇÐ(photonic engineering)ÀÇ ´É·ÂÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â ¸ÚÁø Àå¸éÀÌ´Ù.¡±[3] ±×·¯³ª À̰ÍÀº ¸Å¿ì Æí°ßÀ» °¡Áø ÁÖÀåÀÌ´Ù. ÃÖ°í±Þ µÎ³úÀÇ °úÇÐÀÚµéÀÌ Æ¯±Þ Àåºñ¿Í ½Ã¾àµéÀ» °¡Áö°íµµ º¹Á¦ÇÒ ¼öÁ¶Â÷ ¾ø´Â, ÃÖ÷´Ü Á¤¹Ð ±¤ÀÚ°øÇÐÀ» ÀÚ¿¬ÀÌ ¿ì¿¬È÷ ¸¸µé¾î³Â´Ù´Â ÁÖÀåÀº ¹ÏÀ» ¼ö ¾ø¾î º¸ÀδÙ.[1, 7]

¿©±â¿¡¼­ ¼º°æÀÇ Ã¢Á¶ÁÖ Çϳª´ÔÀº ½ÇÁ¦ ¿£Áö´Ï¾î·Î ºûÀ» ¹ßÇÏ°í °è½Ã´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.


References

1.Naturalist Richard Lewontin once wrote, 'We are forced by our a priori adherence to material causes to create an apparatus of investigation and a set of concepts that produce material explanations, no matter how counter-intuitive, no matter how mystifying to the uninitiated. Moreover, that materialism is absolute for we cannot allow a divine foot in the door.' See: Lewontin, R. C. Billions and Billions of Demons. The New York Review of Books. Posted on nybooks.com January 9, 1997.
2.Lyell, C. et al. 1858. On the tendency of species to form varieties; and on the perpetuation of varieties and species by natural means of selection. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London: Zoology. 3 (9): 45-62.
3.Potyrailo, R. A. et al. Discovery of the surface polarity gradient on iridescent Morpho butterfly scales reveals a mechanism of their selective vapor response. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Published online before print, September 9, 2013.
4.Polar molecules contain an uneven distribution of electrons. Non-polar molecules, used near the base of each tiny tree-structure, have evenly distributed electrons.
5.'Sexual selection' came from Darwin's book titled The Descent of Man. Also, Darwin touched on the butterfly color dilemma in a letter to Nature. See: Darwin, C. 1880. The Sexual Colours of Certain Butterflies. Nature. 21 (Jan. 8): 237.
6.Bergman, J. 2004. Problems in sexual selection theory and neo-Darwinism. Journal of Creation. 18 (1): 112-119.
7.Vukusic, P. and J. R. Sambles. 2003. Photonic structures in biology. Nature. 424 (6950): 852-855.

 

*morpho butterfly (±¸±Û À̹ÌÁö)

 

Ãâó : ICR News, 2013. 9. 20.
URL : http://www.icr.org/article/7710/
¹ø¿ªÀÚ : ¹Ìµð¾îÀ§¿øÈ¸

°ü·Ã ÀÚ·á ¸µÅ©:

1. ³ªºñ ³¯°³ÀÇ °æÀÌ·Î¿î ³ª³ë±¸Á¶ (Butterfly Wings Flash Shiny Optical Tricks)
2. ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿î ÆÄ¶õ»öÀÇ µüÁ¤¹ú·¹, »õ, ±×¸®°í ³ªºñµé (Blue-t-ful Beetles, Birds, `n Butterflies)
3. »ý¹°¿¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â °æÀÌ·Î¿î ±â¼úµé : ³ªºñ ³¯°³ÀÇ ±¤Èí¼ö, ¼Ò±ÝÀïÀÌÀÇ ºÎ¾ç¼º, »ý¹°ÇÐÀû ¹èÅ͸® (From Wonders of Nature to Wonders of Technology)
4. ³ªºñ´Â ¾î¶»°Ô µ¶À» ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀϱî? (How Do Mother Butterflies Avoid the Poison?)
5. ºñµÑ±â¿Í Á¦¿Õ³ªºñ´Â À§¼ºÇ×¹ýÀåÄ¡¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. (Animals Have Biological GPS)
6. ¹Ì¼Ç Àӯļ­ºí : Á¦¿Õ³ªºñ (Mission Impossible : the Monarch Butterfly)
7. Á¦¿Õ³ªºñ¿¡¼­ °æµµ ÃøÁ¤ ½Ã°è°¡ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾ú´Ù. (Neurobiologists Discover Butterfly Chronometer)
8. Á¦¿Õ³ªºñÀÇ Àå¾öÇÑ Àå°Å¸® ºñÇà : Á¦¿Õ³ªºñÀÇ ³î¶ó¿î Ç×ÇØ¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀüÀÚ°øÇÐÀÚÀÇ »ç»ö (The magnificent migrating monarch)
9. ³ªºñ´Â ¡®³î¶ó¿î ½´ÆÛÀ¯ÀüÀÚ¡¯·Î ´Ù¸¥ °ïÃæÀÇ ¸ð½ÀÀ» ¸ð¹æÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. (Butterflies Mimic Other Species with 'Amazing Supergene')
10. ³ªºñÀÇ ¾Ï¼ö ºñÀ²ÀÇ º¯È­´Â ÀÛµ¿µÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ÁøÈ­Àΰ¡? (Butterfly Evolution in Action? Not Likely)
11. ³ªºñ ÆøÇ³ : ¼¼°èÀûÀÎ ³ªºñ Àü¹®°¡°¡ ÁøÈ­¸¦ °ÅºÎÇÏ¿´´Ù. (Butterfly blast)
12. ¹ß±¤´ÙÀÌ¿Àµå´Â ³ªºñµéÀÌ ÃÖÃÊ·Î ¹ß¸íÇß´Ù (Butterflies Invented LEDs First)
13. È£¹Ú ¼Ó¿¡ ³ªºñµéÀº ¹ß°ßÀÚµéÀ» ³î¶ó°Ô ÇÑ´Ù : ³ªºñµéÀº 6õ5¹é¸¸ ³â Àü °ø·æÀÇ ¸Ó¸® À§·Î ³¯¾Æ´Ù³æÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù (Butterflies in Amber Stun Discoverers)
14. ¾àÀÚ»ýÁ¸°ú Æó±âµÇ´Â ¼º¼±Åà (Survival of the Weakest)
15. ¼öÄÆ °øÀÛÀÇ È­·ÁÇÑ ±êÅÐÀº ¾ÏÄÆ¿¡°Ô ¸Å·ÂÀûÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Ù. : ¼º¼±Åà ÀÌ·ÐÀÇ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ºØ±« (Peacocks Don¡¯t Dress for Success)
16. °øÀÛ»õ ²¿¸®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÇãÆ° ¼Ò¸®? : ´ÙÀ©ÀÇ ¼º¼±Åà ÀÌ·ÐÀº ½ÇÆÐÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. (Peacock poppycock?)
17. Å«ºÎ¸®»õÀÇ ºÎ¸®´Â ¼º¼±Åðú »ó°üÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. (Sexual Selection Discounted in Toucan Bill)
18. ÁøÈ­·Ð : ´Ã ¹øº¹µÇ´Â ÀÌ·Ð ; Ä¢¼î·çºê Ãæµ¹, ¼º¼±ÅÃ, ¼Îºê·Ð, ½ºÅä·Î¸¶Åç¶óÀÌÆ®... (Evolution : A Theory in Revision)
19. ³ªºñ ³¯°³¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â âÁ¶ÁÖÀÇ ±¤Çм³°è
20. °³´Â ±Í¿±°Ô º¸À̵µ·Ï ÁøÈ­Çߴ°¡? : ±ÍÀÚ»ýÁ¸? (Dogs for Darwin)
21. ÀÎÁ¾ÀÇ ºÐÈ­¿Í ´Ù¾ç¼º
22. ¿ì½º²Î½º·¯¿î ¹°°í±âµéÀÇ ÁøÈ­ À̾߱â : ÇØ¸¶¿Í ¿¡ÀÎÀýÇǽà (Fishy Just-So Stories)
23. ÁøÈ­·ÐÀº ´ÙÀ©¿¡ ¿ªÇàÇÏ¿© °¡°í ÀÖ´Ù. : ¼ÓÀÚ±³¹è, ¿ÏÀÚ»ýÁ¸, ¾àÀÚ»ýÁ¸, ºÎÀûÀÚ»ýÁ¸? (Evolution Goes Against Darwin)
24. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °ÍµéÀÌ ´ÙÀ©ÀÌ »ý°¢Çß´ø °ÍÀΰ¡? : ½ÅÁßÀÚ»ýÁ¸, ¼ÓÀÚ»ýÁ¸, ¼ø°£Àû ÁøÈ­, ÁøÈ­Àû °ü½É? (Is This What Darwin Had in Mind?)
25. »ý¸íüÀÇ Á¾·ù¿Í Á¾, ±×¸®°í ´Ù¾ç¼º (Diversity of Life classified by ¡®Kind¡¯ or ¡®Species¡¯)
26. ¸¹Àº µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ´Â ÁøÈ­°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¸¹Àº Áúº´À» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. (More Mutations Mean More Diseases, Less Evolution)
27. ¸ÚÁøÀÚ »ýÁ¸ ¶Ç´Â Ä£ÀýÀÚ »ýÁ¸? (Survival of the Nicest)
28. »çÀÚ, È£¶ûÀÌ, ±×¸®°í ŸÀ̰ï (Lions, Tigers, and Tigons)
29. °¡½Ã´ýºÒÀÌ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ´ÙÀ©ÀÇ ÁøÈ­°èÅ볪¹« (Darwin¡¯s Tree of Life is a Tangled Bramble Bush)
30. °¡¹ÌÄ«Á¦ ¾Ö¹ú·¹ »ýÁ¸¿¡ ºÒ¸®ÇÑ ½À¼ºÀº ¾î¶»°Ô ÀÚ¿¬¼±Åà µÇ¾ú´Â°¡? (Kamikaze caterpillars)
31. ¼±µµÀû °úÇÐÀÚµéÀÌ ÁøÈ­·ÐÀ» ºñÆÇÇÏ´Ù. 3ºÎ. : ¼¼Æ÷ ³»ÀÇ À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸´Â Áõ°¡µÇÁö ¾Ê°í, ¼Ò½ÇµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. (Powerhouse of Scientists Refute Evolution, Part Three)
32. ¸È´õ½º¿Í ´ÙÀ©ÀÇ ¿À·ù, ±×¸®°í »çȸÁøÈ­·ÐÀÇ ¿À·ù. : Á¶·ù Á¾µéÀº »ýÁ¸°æÀïÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. (Malthus Misled Darwin Who Misled the World)
33. ÁøÈ­ÀÇ ÇÑ ¸ÞÄ¿´ÏÁòÀ¸·Î ÁÖÀåµÇ´ø ¡®¼öÆò À¯ÀüÀÚ Àü´Þ¡¯ÀÇ ½ÇÆÐ. : ±¤ÇÕ¼ºÀ» ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù´Ù ¹Î´ÞÆØÀÌ¿¡¼­ HGT´Â ¾ø¾ú´Ù. (Solar-Powered Sea Slug Illuminates Evolutionary Weaknesses)
34. ´ÙÀ©ÀÇ ÇÉÄ¡»õ´Â ÈļºÀ¯ÀüÇÐÀÌ ´äÀÌ´Ù. : ÁøÈ­·ÐÀÇ ÇÑ ÁÖ¿ä »ó¡¹°ÀÌ ºØ±«µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. (Darwin's Finches: Answers From Epigenetics)
35. ´ÙÀ©ÀÇ ÇÉÄ¡»õ : ÁøÈ­ÇÑ °ÍÀº »õÀΰ¡? ÁøÈ­ À̾߱âÀΰ¡? (Darwin¡¯s Finches: What Evolved, the Birds or the Story?)
36. ¸¸¿ìÀýÀÇ ³ó´ã°ú °°Àº ÁøÈ­·ÐÀÚÀÇ ÁÖÀåµé. :º¸Á¸µÈ À¯ÀüÀÚµé, ¾àÀÚ»ýÁ¸, ½Ç·¯Äµ½º À̾߱â (Darwinism as an April Fool Prank)
37. ´ÙÀ©ÀÇ À߸øµÈ ÁøÈ­ ¿¹Ãø 1 : µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ, ÀÚ¿¬¼±ÅÃ, ¼ö·ÅÁøÈ­ÀÇ ¹®Á¦Á¡
38. ±â´ÉÀÇ ¼Ò½Ç·Î ÁøÈ­¸¦ ¼³¸íÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. (Darwin Can¡¯t Win for Losing)
39. ÈÄÃß³ª¹æÀº ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ÁøÈ­ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ´Ù. (Peppered Moth Still Not Evolving)
40. ¼Ò-µé¼Ò ÀâÁ¾ÀÇ ¹ß°ßÀ¸·Î ºÎÁ¤µÈ ÁøÈ­·ÐÀÇ ¿¹Ãø (Cattle-Bison Hybrid Stomps On Evolutionary Expectations)
41. ÀÚ¿¬¼±ÅÃÀº ÁøÈ­°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù : ¼±ÅÃÀº ±âÁ¸¿¡ ÀÖ´ø °Í¿¡¼­ °í¸£´Â ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. (Natural selection ¡Á evolution)
 
 
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