¹Ì±¹ ±â¾÷µéÀº ¼ÎÀÏ(shale, Ç÷¾Ï) ¾Ï¼®¿¡¼ ¼®À¯¸¦ ÃßÃâÇÏ´Â ÃÖ÷´Ü ±â¼úÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿©, Áö³ 4³â µ¿¾È ¼®À¯¿Í °¡½º¸¦ »ý»êÇØ¿Ô´Ù. ±¹Á¦¿¡³ÊÁö±â±¸(International Energy Agency)ÀÇ ¾Ö³Î¸®½ºÆ®ÀÎ ·¹Áñ¸® ¾Ë¸¯(Lejly Alic)Àº ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ New York Times Áö¿¡ ¸»Çß´Ù. '¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¿¹ÃøÀº Áõ°¡Çϰí ÀÖ°í, ÀúÆò°¡µÈ »ý»êÀÌ À¯ÁöµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.¡±[1] ÀÌ ¸ðµç ¼ÎÀÏ ¿ÀÀÏ(shale oil)Àº ¾îµð¿¡¼ ¿Ô´Â°¡?
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¼ÎÀÏÀº Á¡Åä(clay) ÇÔ·®ÀÌ ³ôÀº ¾Ï¼® ÇüÅ·μ, ¶³¾îÁö´Â ¾ãÀº Á¶°¢ Ãþµé·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. À¯±â¹° ÇÔ·®ÀÌ ÀûÀº ÃþµéÀº ±¸¼º ±¤¹°¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ¿© ȸ»ö, Ȳ°¥»ö, ¶Ç´Â ´Ù¼öÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ »ö±òÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ¹Ý¸é¿¡, ¼®À¯¿Í °°Àº À¯±âÈÇÕ¹°À» ÇÔÀ¯Çϰí ÀÖ´Â ¼ÎÀÏÀº °ËÀº »ö±òÀ» ¶í´Ù. À¯±â¹°ÁúÀº °ú°Å ÇѶ§ »ì¾Ò´ø »ý¹°Ã¼ÀÇ ÀÜÇØÀÌ´Ù. ¾Æ¸¶µµ ±× »ý¹°Ã¼´Â ¼¼°è ÃÖ´ë ±Ô¸ðÀÇ ¼®À¯ ¸ÅÀå·®À» °ø±ÞÇϰí ÀÖ´Â °Í°ú °°Àº ¹Ù´ÙÁ¶·ù(marine algae)ÀÌ´Ù. ¾î¶² ¼ø°£¿¡ ¹Ù´ÙÁ¶·ùµéÀº Á¡Åä°¡ dzºÎÇÑ ÁøÈë¿¡ ¼¯¿© µé¾î°¡ È¥ÇյǾú´Ù.
¿À´Ã³¯ ¼ÎÀÏ ¾Ï¼®ÃþÀº ³Ê¹«µµ ¸¹Àº À¯±â¹°ÁúµéÀ» ÇÔÀ¯Çϰí ÀÖ¾î¼, ¼®À¯¿Í °¡½º·Î º¯È¯µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ »ý»ê·®Àº ¾Æ¸¶µµ °ð »ç¿ìµð¾Æ¶óºñ¾ÆÀÇ »ý»ê·®À» ÃʰúÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀδÙ.[2]
¼ÎÀÏÀÌ ´ÜÁö Á¦ÇÑµÈ ÁöÁ¡¿¡¼¸¸ ¹ß°ßµÈ´Ù¸é, ¼ÎÀÏ ¿ÀÀÏÀÇ ±â¿øÀ» ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ½¬¿ï °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¼ÎÀÏÃþÀº ¸ðµç ÅðÀû¾ÏÀÇ Àû¾îµµ 50%¸¦ ±¸¼ºÇϰí ÀÖÀ» Á¤µµ·Î ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÏ°Ô ºÐÆ÷µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ¼ÎÀÏÀÌ Ç³ºÎÇÑ ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼, ¼ÎÀÏ ÃþÀÇ ºÐÆ÷¿¡ °üÇÑ Á¤ºÎ Áöµµ¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé, ¼ÎÀÏÃþÀº ͏®Æ÷´Ï¾Æ »÷¿ÍŲ ºÐÁö(San Joaquin Basin)¿¡¼ ´º¿å ¾ÖÆÈ·¡Ä¡¾È ºÐÁö(Appalachian Basin)¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö Àü ´ë·ú¿¡ °ÉÃÄ ÅðÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.[3]

¿À´Ã³¯¿¡ ¼ÎÀÏ ÅðÀûÃþÀº Áö±¸ ¾î´À °÷¿¡¼µµ Çü¼ºµÇ°í ÀÖÁö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®¿¡, ±×µéÀÇ Çü¼º ±â¿øÀ» À籸¼ºÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾î´À Á¤µµ °úÇÐÀûÀ̸ç Ã߸®ÀûÀÎ »ç°í°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.
º¸ÅëÀÇ ´À¸®°í Á¡ÁøÀûÀÎ °úÁ¤Àº ÃæºÐÇÑ ¼³¸íÀÌ µÇÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. ¸¸¾à °í´ë¿¡ Á¶·ùÀÇ Á×À½ÀÌ ´ë·ú ÇÑ °¡¿îµ¥ ÀÛÀº ¹Ù´Ù¿¡¼ ¹ß»ýÇß´Ù¸é, ¿À´Ã³¯ÀÇ ¹Ù´Ù¿¡¼ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ÀÏó·³, Áö±¸ÀÇ È°¹ßÇÑ »ýŰ谡 ºü¸£°Ô À¯±â¹°ÁúµéÀ» ºÐÇØÇØ Àç¼øÈ¯½ÃÄ×À» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Ưº°È÷ ¼¼±ÕÀÇ ºü¸¥ ºÐÇØÀÛ¿ë ¼Óµµ¸¦ °í·ÁÇØº¼ ¶§, À¯±â¹°ÁúÀÌ ºÐÇØµÇ±â Àü¿¡, ÁøÈë ³»¿¡ ¾î¶»°Ô °¤È÷°Ô µÇ¾úÀ»Áö´Â »ó»óÀÌ Àß µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.[4]
¸Å¿ì ½Å¼ÓÇÏ°í °Ýº¯ÀûÀ̾ú´ø ¾î¶² ºñÁ¤»óÀû °úÁ¤ÀÌ, À̵é À¯±â¹°ÁúµéÀ» ºÐÇØµÇ±â Àü¿¡, ºü¸£°Ô µÎÅÍ¿î ÅðÀû¹° ³»·Î º¸Á¸½Ã۸é¼, ¸·´ëÇÑ ¾çÀÇ ÁøÈë°ú ÇÔ²² ÅðÀû½ÃÄ×À½¿¡ Ʋ¸²¾ø´Ù. ±× ÀÌÈÄ·Î ¿ÀÀÏÀº ´õ Á¶¹ÐÇÑ ¾Ï¼®Ãþ°ú ¹°À» ÅëÇØ »ó½ÂÇÏ¸é¼ ´©ÃâµÇ¾î¿Ô´Ù.
¸¸¾à ´À¸®°í Á¡ÁøÀûÀÎ °úÁ¤ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ºü¸£°í °Ýº¯ÀûÀÎ ÁøÈë È帧ÀÌ ÀÌµé ¼ÎÀÏ ÅðÀûÃþ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´õ ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀÎ ¼³¸íÀ̶ó¸é, ´Ü´ÜÇØÁø ¼ÎÀÏÃþ »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ºÐÇØµÇ¾î ¼®À¯·Î º¯È¯µÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ÀÌµé ¹Ù´Ù Á¶·ù¸¦ ±¤´ëÇÑ ³ÐÀÌ·Î ÆÄ¹¯¾î¹ö¸° ´ë°Ýº¯Àû È«¼ö´Â ¾ðÁ¦ ÀϾ´ø °ÍÀϱî? ¼ö¹é ¼öõ¸¸ ³â Àü¿¡ ÀϾ´ø »ç°ÇÀ̾úÀ»±î?
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ½Ã³ª¸®¿À´Â ÀûÀýÇØº¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ±× ½Ã³ª¸®¿À´Â ¼®À¯°¡ ±×Åä·Ï ¿À·£ ±â°£ µ¿¾È ÁöÇÏ¿¡ ¾î¶»°Ô À¯ÁöµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´ÂÁö¸¦ ¼³¸íÇÏÁö ¸øÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ¼®À¯´Â ¾Ï¼®µé »çÀÌÀÇ Æ´, ±Õ¿, °¥¶óÁø °÷ µîÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© À̵¿ÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±×°ÍÀº ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ¸ÔÇô ºÐÇØµÇ°Å³ª, ÀÛÀº °£´ÜÇÑ ÈÇй°Áúµé·Î »êȵȴÙ.
¼ÎÀÏÀº ±× ÁöÃþ¸éÀ» µû¶ó °áÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¼ö¾ÐÆÄ¼â´Â Á¤»óÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ÈξÀ õõÈ÷ ÀϾ´Â ¼®À¯ÀÇ ´©ÃâÀ» °¡¼ÓȽÃŰ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¼®À¯ÀÇ ´©ÃâÀº ´À¸®°Ô ÀϾÁö¸¸, ¼ö¹é ¼öõ¸¸ ³â µ¿¾È ÁöÇÏ¿¡ ¼®À¯°¡ º¸Á¸µÇ¾î ÀÖÀ» Á¤µµ·Î ´À¸®Áö´Â ¾Ê´Ù.[5]
¿À´Ã³¯ °Å´ëÇÑ ¸ÅÀå·®ÀÇ ¼ÎÀÏ¿ÀÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ ¼³¸íÀº »ó»óÀ» ÃÊ¿ùÇÏ´Â Ãʰݺ¯Àû ´ëÈ«¼ö¿´´ø °Íó·³ º¸ÀδÙ. ¼º°æ¿¡´Â ±×·¯ÇÑ ´ëÈ«¼ö°¡ ±â·ÏµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº Àü Áö±¸ÀûÀÎ È«¼ö¿´´ø, ³ë¾ÆÀÇ È«¼ö¿´´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ÁöÇÏ¿¡ ¼®À¯°¡ º¸Á¸µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº À̵é ÁöÃþÀÇ Çü¼º ¿¬´ë°¡ ¼ö¹é ¼öõ¸¸ ³â ÀüÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¼öõ ³â Àü¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÔÀ» °¡¸®Å°°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
References
1.Norris, F. U.S. Oil Production Keeps Rising Beyond the Forecasts. New York Times. Posted on nytimes.com January 24, 2014, accessed March 12, 2014. 2.Usborne, D. Fracking is turning the US into a bigger oil producer than Saudi Arabia. The Independent. Posted on independent.co.uk March 11, 2014, accessed March 12, 2014. 3.Lower 48 states shale plays. U.S. Energy Information Administration map. Posted on www.eia.gov May 9, 2011, accessed March 12, 2014. 4.Thomas, B. Oil-eating Bacteria Are Cleaning Up Gulf. Creation Science Update. Posted on icr.org August 27, 2010, accessed March 12, 2014. 5.Clarey, T. 2013. Oil, Fracking, and a Recent Global Flood. Acts & Facts. 42 (10): 14-15.
*Mr. Thomas is Science Writer at the Institute for Creation Research. Article posted on April 2, 2014.
*°ü·Ã±â»ç 1 : ¼ÎÀϰ¡½º Çõ¸í Ú¸, ¼¼°è ¿¡³ÊÁö½ÃÀå Èçµç´Ù (2014. 1. 3. µ¿¾ÆÀϺ¸) http://news.donga.com/BestClick/3/all/20140103/59941429/1
È£ÁÖ¿¡µµ ¹Ì±¹ÆÇ ¼ÎÀÏÇõ¸í ¶á´Ù? (2014. 4. 7. ÀÌÅõµ¥ÀÌ) http://www.etoday.co.kr/news/section/newsview.php?idxno=901651
ìí¼ ¼ÎÀÏ¿ÀÀÏ Ã¹ »ó¾÷»ý»ê (2014. 4. 8. ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ°æÁ¦) http://www.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2014040800172084380
*°ü·Ã±â»ç 2 : EU, ¼ÎÀϰ¡½º ÃßÃâ '¼ö¾ÐÆÄ¼â' Çã¿ë(2013. 7. 17. ¿¬ÇÕ´º½º) http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/international/2013/07/17/0601200100AKR20130717178700098.HTML
¼ÎÀϰ¡½º¸¦ À§ÇÑ ¼ö¾ÐÆÄ¼â(Fracking)±â¹ý °èȹ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀúÇ× (2013. 3. 4. EK News) http://www.eknews.net/xe/?document_srl=411923&mid=German&sort_index=regdate&order_type=desc
¼ÎÀϰ¡½º¿¡ ¿ô´ø ¹Ì±¹, ¿Â½Ç°¡½º·Î ¿ï»ó (¼ö¾ÐÆÄ¼â·Î ¸Þź °¡½º ¹ß»ý) (2014. 3. 30. ÆÄÀ̳½¼È´º½º) http://www.fnnews.com/view?ra=Sent1101m_View&corp=fnnews&arcid=201403300100333520016905&cDateYear=2014&cDateMonth=03&cDateDay=30
¹Ì±¹ ¼ÎÀϰ¡½º °³¹ß, ÁöÁø À§Çè¿¡ ¡®Èçµé¡¯ (2014. 4. 15. ÆÄÀ̳½¼È´º½º) http://www.fnnews.com/view?ra=Sent1101m_View&corp=fnnews&arcid=201404150100182660009112&cDateYear=2014&cDateMonth=04&cDateDay=15
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